Discover how adding prefixes and suffixes to root words creates new words and meanings.
Prefixes and suffixes are groups of letters added to root words to create new words with new meanings. A prefix is added to the beginning of a word: un- (unhappy, unkind), re- (rewrite, return), mis- (mistake, mislead), dis- (disagree, disappear), super- (supermarket, superhero). A suffix is added to the end: -ful (careful, hopeful), -less (careless, hopeless), -ness (kindness, darkness), -ing (running, hoping), -tion (action, description). Some suffixes change the class of a word โ adding -ness to an adjective makes it a noun (‘sad’ โ ‘sadness’); adding -ly to an adjective makes it an adverb (‘quick’ โ ‘quickly’). Understanding how prefixes and suffixes work is a brilliant spelling strategy โ if you know that ‘un-‘ means ‘not’, you can figure out the meaning of many unfamiliar words without needing to look them up.